Does Pregabalin Cause Weight Gain?

If you have been prescribed Pregabalin for conditions like nerve pain, anxiety, or fibromyalgia, you are likely familiar with its ability to provide relief from such symptoms. However, like any medication, Pregabalin comes with its own set of potential side effects. One of the most commonly reported concerns among users is weight gain. 

Whether it is a few extra pounds or a noticeable increase on the scale, many wonder: Is weight gain a side effect of Pregabalin? And if so, why does it happen?

In this blog, we will dive deep into the relationship between Pregabalin and weight gain, exploring the science behind it, who is most at risk, and what you can do to manage or minimize this side effect. 

What is Pregabalin?

Pregabalin is a prescription medication primarily used to treat a variety of conditions that involve nerve pain, anxiety, and certain types of seizures. It belongs to a class of drugs known as anticonvulsants, which work by affecting the way nerve signals are transmitted in the brain and nervous system.

Pregabalin is available in numerous brand names, such as Lyrica and Nervigesic. It is commonly prescribed for treating conditions such as- 

Neuropathic Pain, Fibromyalgia, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and Seizures [1]. 

Does Pregabalin Cause Weight Gain?

Yes, Pregabalin can cause weight gain in patients.

How Common Is Weight Gain With Lyrica (Pregabalin)?

Weight gain is one of the most commonly reported side effects of pregabalin. In clinical studies, about 9% of adults taking this medication experienced a weight gain of 7% or more of their initial body weight. In comparison, only 2% of those taking a placebo (inactive treatment) reported similar weight changes [2]. However, it’s important to note that weight gain does not occur in everyone. Approximately 10% of patients taking Lyrica report minimal to moderate weight gain [3].

How Significant Is Weight Gain From Lyrica?

While weight gain is a known side effect, it is typically not severe enough to cause people to stop their treatment. In clinical trials, only 0.3% of people discontinued Lyrica because of weight gain, and only a small percentage had significant weight-related issues [2]. 

Why Does Pregabalin Cause Weight Gain?

The exact mechanism by which Pregabalin causes weight gain is not fully understood. 

Several factors may increase the likelihood of weight gain while taking Pregabalin:

Higher Doses and Longer Duration of Use- 

Studies suggest that weight gain tends to be more significant in patients taking higher doses or those on long-term treatment. In one study, patients taking higher doses of Pregabalin gained an average of 6.5 lbs, compared to just 3.6 lbs in those on lower doses [4].

Peripheral Edema (Swelling)- 

Pregabalin use is also linked to peripheral edema, which causes swelling in the hands, legs, and feet [5]. This condition can contribute to weight gain due to fluid retention. About 6% of people taking Lyrica experienced peripheral edema, compared to only 2% of those taking a placebo [2]. In some cases, this swelling can lead to a noticeable increase in weight, though it is important to understand that this weight gain is due to fluid and not fat.

Other Medications or Conditions-

If you are taking multiple medications, particularly other anticonvulsants or medications that can affect metabolism, you may be at higher risk for weight gain. In one study, patients using pregabalin with other medications gained an average of 9 lbs (4kg) over six months [6].

Increase In Appetite

Pregabalin can cause an increase in appetite as a side effect [7]. This can lead to overeating, especially when combined with other side effects like fatigue or sluggishness. 

Thus, the use of Pregabalin tablets may lead to weight gain in some individuals. 

Disturbance In Sleep Pattern

Pregabalin can affect sleep patterns, and lack of sleep can lead to weight gain through hormonal imbalances that increase hunger.

How Much Weight Gain Can You Expect?

On average, patients taking Pregabalin experience moderate weight gain. In clinical studies, the average weight gain for individuals taking Pregabalin was approximately 1.6 kg (3.5 lbs) compared to 0.3 kg (0.66 lbs) in those on placebo [2]. However, the amount of weight gain can vary significantly from person to person.

In longer-term studies, such as those involving diabetic patients, the average weight gain was found to be around 5.2 kg (11.4 lbs) over 2 years [2].

How To Avoid Weight Gain On Pregabalin?

If you are concerned about weight gain while taking Pregabalin, here are some strategies to help manage your weight. 

• Pregabalin can increase appetite, so being mindful of portion sizes and food choices is important.
• Focus on vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. These foods can help keep you full without adding too many calories.
• Avoid weight gain due to water retention by staying hydrated and avoiding food with high sodium (salt content). 
• Activities like walking, swimming, cycling, or running can help in weight loss. Weight training can increase muscle mass, which helps with metabolism and fat loss.
• Aim for 7 to 9 hours of quality sleep every night.

Other Notable Side Effects Of Pregabalin

Pregabalin is generally well-tolerated by many people, but like any medication, it can come with side effects. Most users experience mild to moderate side effects that usually subside as the body adjusts to the drug.

Some side effects of Pregabalin include-

• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Nausea
• Dry mouth
• Vomiting
• Blurry vision
• Trouble breathing
• Metabolism changes [8]

A rare but notable side effect of Pregabalin is hair loss, which, though uncommon, can occur in some individuals. This side effect is typically temporary and may resolve within a few weeks after discontinuation of the medication.

Alternatives to Pregabalin with Fewer Weight-Related Concerns

If you are experiencing weight gain as a side effect of Pregabalin and are seeking alternative treatments for managing body pain, two potential options to consider are Carisoprodol (Soma) for muscle pain and Tapentadol for severe chronic pain. Each treatment option has its own unique benefits and considerations, which can help you make an informed decision based on your specific needs. 

Carisoprodol (Soma) for Muscle Pain

Carisoprodol, commonly known by the brand name Soma, is a muscle relaxant used to treat acute musculoskeletal pain. It works by blocking pain sensations between the nerves and the brain, providing relief from discomfort caused by muscle spasms, strains, or injuries. 

Key Considerations-

• Carisoprodol is usually recommended for short-term relief due to the potential for dependence.
• Some common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and headaches. It is important to avoid alcohol and other sedatives while using this medication.

Tapentadol for Severe Chronic Pain

Tapentadol is a strong opioid pain medication that is prescribed for severe chronic pain, such as that caused by conditions like neuropathy, osteoarthritis, or fibromyalgia.

It works by binding to the opioid receptors in the brain to block pain signals and also inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine, which helps in managing pain more effectively. Tapentadol is generally considered a safer option than other opioids, with a lower risk of abuse and fewer gastrointestinal side effects.

Key Considerations-

• Common side effects of Tapentadol can include nausea, dizziness, constipation, and drowsiness. 
• Tapentadol is classified as a controlled substance and should be used under close medical supervision.

Pregabalin And Weight Gain- Our Final Thought

Weight gain is a known side effect of Pregabalin, but it tends to be moderate and varies from person to person. Clinical studies suggest that around 9% of individuals taking Pregabalin may experience weight gain. However, this does not mean everyone will gain weight. For many, the change is minimal to moderate, about 1.6 kg (3.5 lbs). In longer-term studies, such as those with diabetic patients, the average weight gain may be higher, around 5.2 kg (11.4 lbs) over two years.

For those who do experience weight gain, lifestyle changes like adjusting diet and exercise routines can help manage the effect. If weight gain becomes a concern, discussing it with your doctor is key to finding the most suitable approach for your health.